Buddhist remains at Bojjannakonda, Sankaram

Name of the Monument

Location

District

State

Period

Dynasty

Description

Buddhist remains at Bojjannakonda

Sankaram

Anakapalli

Andhra Pradesh

4th century CE to 9th century CE

Gupta to Eastern Chalukyas

Within a short distance to the north of the Sankaram village are two hills, one on the east called Bojjanna-konda and the other on the west called Lingala-konda both surrounded by paddy fields.  The eastern hill (Bojjanna-konda) is taller than the western hill (Lingala-konda).  Both the hills contain numerous monolithic stupas, rock-cut caves, chaityas and monasteries forming one of the most remarkable Buddhist establishments in Andhra Pradesh, the date of which assignable to a period from the 4th to the 9th centuries CE. The name of the village Sankaram is evidently a derived form of Sangharama as these Buddhist establishments are generally known by this appellation. Numerous antiquities were recovered during the excavations conducted by Mr. Alexander Rea in 1907-08 on both the hills.  Many of them were obtained at the ashy deposits at various places around the upper slopes of Bojjanna-konda.  From this area were recovered pottery, gold coins of Samudra Gupta (340-375 CE), copper belonging to Eastern Chalukya king Vishnuvardhana surnamed Vishamasiddhi (633 CE) and lead, possibly of the Satavahanas. A stone image of Hariti was also recovered from the site. Of the Buddhistic antiquities recovered from the site, some are the inscribed terracotta tablets containing the Buddhist creed commencing with the words “he dhamahetu Prabhava“.  These tablets, belonging to various periods as determined by the palaeography of the script on them, appear to be the offerings made by pilgrims who visited the site from time to time from the 4th to about the 9th century CE  The variety of scripts in which these tablets are found            written, viz., the Kalingan script (5th cent.), the Chalukyan script (7th cent.), the proto-Nagari script (8th cent.) and  the east Indian or proto-Oriya-Bengali scripts (8-9th cent.), indicate that the Buddhist shrine and monastery here attracted devotees from different parts of India.